The Entropy of Space-Time...

[Michael Grove]

Decades earlier, Einstein’s general theory of relativity had revealed that space and time together form a unified fabric of reality—space-time—and that the force of gravity is really the tendency for objects to follow the folds in space-time. In extreme circumstances, space-time can curve steeply enough to create an inescapable Alcatraz known as a black hole.

In 1973, Jacob Bekenstein advanced the heresy that black holes are imperfect cosmic prisons. He reasoned that the abysses should absorb the entropy of their meals, rather than deleting that entropy from the universe and violating the second law of thermodynamics. But if black holes have entropy, they must also have temperatures and must radiate heat.

                                          Charlie Woods - WIRED

NEUTRINOS - THE SPIRIT PARTICLE? -        

THE FRAGRANCE • THE COSMOS • et al

[Michael Grove]

JUNO’s approach sets it apart from the other detectors being built. Japan’s planned Hyper-Kamiokande detector will use purified water as its neutrino-detecting medium, whereas the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment in the United States will rely on liquid argon to measure the elusive particles, says Mary Bishai, a physicist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York and co-spokesperson for the US observatory. Both of these future detectors will measure neutrinos beaming in from nearby particle accelerators rather than nuclear reactors.

Like telescopes that view the cosmos at different wavelengths, having several neutrino detectors that use distinct techniques to observe neutrinos from various sources, such as the Sun and nuclear power stations, will allow researchers to develop a better understanding of neutrino characteristics and the role of these particles in the Universe, says Bishai. “It gives us a unique way of checking that our picture is consistent,” she says.

Gemma Conroy - NATURE Journal

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00694-5